Pot type fuel oil burner



J. W. THOMSON POT TYPE FUEL OIL BURNER Filed Dec. 29, 1950 ee eeaeeee .77 e eow a o a Q Q O INVENTOR t/OH/V W 7/Z/OMJO/V 26% W ATTORNEY l enters l the 11301;, and partieularly: directed intoethegoiltaianorlzaaizion 9m cuf c.. the;-preferresi wfenm illustrated iin' Lil shami pSEt faith in-(ohe v Patented May 12, 1953 a OFFICE 2,638,159 R! "11% Y L QI ER E "This inventionrelates fa o oil=bumers n! mhe soca'lled pot type *in which ell is admibtegi ie the :bottom of the -po t or A eentainer where i1; is: whenizeti, thence while :in :sugh if qrmfland ising in the the potom or:adjacentmhlch:waporizatien:isabeina e'fiecited. s s

:Another o-hieet gcvf iivhe iiIlYfifltiQIliiS .120 piiqyide an efiective means of preheatingat-he i1- ?3 ieh A H forming part of the specification. It is t lee understood, however, that variations ind; ine d-eb ihesaid nawin m N i beadc-ptedwith base, .e

Referring ltottheigirawiggz .Figur-e 1 is a:rna memaiy-i ersp epm yiew of i11 burner.

Fi u i a areriieal lt teli ver eisactipnal View lofQthe- .burner.

erih irner casing f" 'is arranged 'withi-n the housprises-in generalcerrespondin sideuwaills We end I walls H and I5, and a bottom wall 11, such-side,

nda tom definin ai ia s'ula space :in which at d-ifiereni; stages, lube oil is i/aporized, the vaporized oil is admixed with air to storm aecqmbustihleimiggtui e, and the lattei'mbuiined in a mass s i iqh discha ge r m said space at -:i;he :izgp thez eei. The afp 'esaicl wallsjof the burner are pl eferably fprmeetof sheet metalarid weld;e d prz-otherw se c i red toeether tepiovide a t re. herez shown, to accommoe -a sssa s ri t m si wall ,9 of h b1 1 5- ih g, ,andeorxespongiingly the end walls of the end ,walls ,of ,the hqii siiig, liqwever the spacing hel wqenih 611d wall !2 'of"housing and adjacent e n d wall qi she b rneriseeo sigierably less than jghe space;hetweehjghe pther end wall of the burner andjnhe e dwall H of the housing. In addition f in .ebw spacieg h v Qtt w l the ,b ufne as well asfphelower edgesof the side and eed. walls .thei eqf are spaeed from the bottom wall' 8 pf'jzhe hep si g as will beclear from Figures 2 ami fi. All qfthe spaces aforesaid combine ifqrm apah chamber ihpewhieh fresh air is forced "lg'y ig e a s (if: a -blqwei i l mounted at the end of the hqusi gjhaving the greater space with uhe gpiqesi g end at" filiebum'er. l

Oil ifi liq iid formisarranged to be supplied :lso the h rnerin desined regulated amount, through 1111BS 0f a-p-ipefl2=6whiehextends through lahe sp'aceu def -qhe bepiiom wall of the burner and cen 1;eet ed-tp sash Vii-$11 k)?! means of an elbow thei yee endflil -of the latter. being. projected upwardlylghmugh a-clepressioniw in said wall and -;-ter;n; inating-ata ;leve1Joelowihe; inside surfaeeof at e-wall. A periofiateclaelise onscreen 3i i-ssfitted in sueh elep'ression andsloverlies theiencl 2E.,of=,ihe felbow,;-;i,l:ie-uppergsuriaee efathensczieen lasing: flush -withlthecorresponding;surface iof the bottom wall sefuihefibumer Leos-that a substantially eo r timieus viilat horizentalisurifaceliwilllbe provided: for the en-tire fiQQI'r-Qf the burner. 1111; maybe noie d that I 50 the-thickness: o'fslthe screen as; well as the bofntqm #Preieralaly both send walls .of righe shuliner are barrie .ex ils r e ell llenfi ei pa d o the l acpaieo 3 vertical, but the side walls, while generally upright, are each formed with oblique portions in angular relation to each other. Thus as will be clear from Figures 1 and 2, each wall [3 is composed of an upper section 32 and a lower section 33. The two upper sections together with portions of the end walls form a combustion chamber 34 whereas the lower sections together with a portion of the end walls define an oil vaporizing chamber 36. The lower sections 33 extend convergently upward from the bottom of the burner to the lower terminus of the-upper sections, and the latter sections extend diver-gently upward from said terminus to the top of the burner, the opening between said upper sections at the top constituting the throat of the burner. Perforations 3'! provided in the upper sections,

form inlet passages through which air from the housing is directed in ,streams across and upwardly into the combustion chamber 34, such streams furnishing secondary air for admixture with the vaporized oil ascending from the chamber 36.

In the operation of the burner, oil in liquid form is admitted to the bottom of the burner, and the wall I! is maintained at such a temperature as to cause vaporization of the oil as soon as it spreads over the fiat upper surface of such wall. Preheating' of the oil entering the vaporization chamber is eflected as the oil passes through the openings in the screen 3l which is also maintained at a high temperature.

, the film of oil spread over the floor of the burner,

the vaporization of the oil as will be understood, being largely effected at such surface. An important feature therefore of the present invention is to arrange the openings or passages 38 in such a manner as to direct and confine the incoming streams of air in the vaporization chamber so that ample primary air is supplied without curtailing the oil vaporizing action. In accordance with the above, theopenings 38 instead of being distributed over the entire area of the wall sections 33, as is more or less the case in respect to the openings 31 in the upper sections 32, are confined to the upper portion of the sections 33 so that the streams directed into the vaporization chamber will either impinge directly on the wall opposite or strike theopposing stream. In either case, the force of the stream will be dissipated before contact may be made with the vaporizing oil film on the bottom of the burner. As will be clear from Figure 2, while in the embodiment illustrated, the axes of the passages 38 are perpendicular to the wall section in which they are contained, and the angle of such sections is such as to cause intersection of the streams from opposing sections at a point high enough above the bottom of the burner to afford almost immediate contact with the rising vaporized oil, without possibility of the air streams impinging directly on or cooling the vaporizing surface of the oil film on said bottom. For example, where the width of the burner bottoni is about two inches, and the sections 33 are approximately three quarters of an inch in height and at an angle of about 9.2 degrees to the vertical, the center of the passages 38 are preferably between one-eighth to three-sixteenths of an inch from upper terminatus of such sections.

4 With this relationship the distance between the point of intersection of the axes of opposing streams and the top surface of bottom of the burger will be approximately one quarter of an inc Incidentally in keeping with the above relationship, the vertical height of the upper sections would be-preferably about two and three eighths inches and the inclination thereof should be about 28 degrees from the vertical. With this relationship a thorough admixture of secondary' air will be produced in the combustion chamber and an efficiently burning mass will be discharged from the burner throat.

Variation in the capacity of the burner may be obtained by retaining the above relationship of the burner parts but varying the length of the burner.

Another important feature of the present invention resides in providing a simple means for preheating the air which passes into the burner through the openings 37 and 38. As will be seen from the drawings, there is preferably provided at the sides of walls [3 deflectors 39 which serve to guide and distribute the air in the housing to the openings 3'! and 38. The deflectors are preferably disposed parallel to the upper wall sections and are supplemental with arcuately shaped attachments 4! which serve to smoothly guide the air upwardly around the deflectors to the space or chamber 42 between the deflectors and the wall sections. Inserted in said chambers 42 is a filling of metallic fibres 43 such as steel wool, the fibres being rather loosely instead of tightly packed in the chambers so that the incoming air may readily pass therethrough. As will be understood the fibres will become heated during the operation of the burner and provide a thorough preheating of the air about to enter the openings 31 and 38. This will result in a more effective admixture of both the primary and secondary air with the fuel vapor, and in a corresponding more eflicient operation of the burner.

Desirably and as will be clear from Figures 1 and 3, a concentration of air openings 31 is provided near the throat of the burner, and in order to prevent the flame from burning up over and spreading laterally from the throat, a deflector strip 43 is positioned just above said top openings and extends for the full width of the side walls.

I claim:

1. In an oil burner, a burner casing having opposing side walls and opposing end walls,'said casing having an opening at the top providing a burner throat and a flat wall forming the bottom of the interior of the burner, said side Walls having lower sections extending in convergent relation upwardly from said bottom wall to define with lower portions of said end walls an oil vaporizing chamber, and said side walls having upper sections extending angularly upwardly from said lower sections and defining with the upper portions of said end walls a combustion chamber communicating with said vaporization chamber, means to supply a film of oil over said bottom of the burner, air inlet means in said upper wall sections, and air inlet means in said lower wall sections providing for sole supply of air to said vaporization chamber from the exterior of the burner, said means directing air streams into and across said vaporization chamber exclusively above and spaced from the oil level in said cham- 2. In a rectangular pot-type oil burner, a burner casing having opposing side Walls and opposing end walls, said casing having an opening adjacent the top providing a burner throat and a fiat wall formin the bottom of the interior of the burner, said side walls having lower sections extending in convergent relation upwardly from said bottom Wall to define with lower portions of said end walls an oil vaporization chamber, and said side Walls having upper sections extending divergently upward from said lower sections to define a combustion chamber communicating with said vaporization chamber, means to supply a film of oil to the bottom of said vaporization chamber, and air inlet means for said vaporization chamber confined exclusively to said lower section and so formed and positioned as to direct air streams across and downwardly into said vaporization chamber and so as to avoid direct contact with the oil film on said bottom wall.

3. In a rectangular pot-type oil burner, a burner casing having opposing side walls and opposing end walls, said casing having an opening adjacent the top providing a burner throat and a flat wall forming the bottom of the interior of the burner, said side walls having lower sections extending in convergent relation upwardly from said bottom wall to define with lower portions of said end walls an oil vaporizing chamber and said side walls having upper sections extending divergently upward from said lower sections to define a combustion chamber communicating with said vaporization chamber, means to supply a film of 011 to the bottom of said vaporization chamber, and air inlet means in and confined to the upper portion of the opposed lower sections directing air downwardly into and across said vaporization chamber along axes intersecting at a point above and spaced from the bottom of the burner.

4 In a rectangular pot-type oil burner, a casing provided with opposing side walls and opposing end walls and with a burner throat at the top and a fiat wall at the bottom, the lower portion of said side walls converging upwardly from said bottom wall and defining with the lower portion of said end walls an oil vaporization chamber communicating at the top with the space between the upper portions of the side and end walls, means to supply a film of oil over said bottom wall including a depressed portion provided centrally in said bottom wall, a supply pipe projecting upwardly through said depressed portion with its upper end spaced from the sides thereof and below the plane of said bottom wall whereby an oil well will be defined around and above said pipe end, a screen covering said depression coplanar with said bottom wall, and air supply means for said vaporization chamber including air inlet openings provided exclusively in the upper portion of said lower side wall sections and so arranged as to guide the streams of air downwardly and across the vaporization chamber without contacting the oil film on said bottom.

JOHN W. THOMSON.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,892,329 Charlesworth et al. Dec. 27, 1932 2,404,646 McCollum July 23, 1946 2,482,988 McCollum Sept. 27, 1949 2,524,068 Miller et al Oct. 3, 1950 

